19세기 당시 예술계에는 아카데믹을 중심으로 신고전주의와 낭만주의 스타일이 주류를 이루었는데, 이에 피로감을 느낀 진보적인 창작자들을 중심으로 새로운 시대의 새로운 예술과 양식(New Art)에 대한 움직임이 유럽 곳곳에서 일어났다고 합니다. 아르누보 역시 뉴 아트의 일환으로 산업혁명의 기계화에 반발하여 수공예품에 더 가치를 두는 미술공예운동의 토대를 두고 있어요. 뉴 아트와 미술공예운동에서 주로 모티프로 삼은 것은 바로 자연과 각국의 민화, 전설 등이었고 이를 위한 많은 연구들이 이루어졌답니다.
(좌) 크리스토퍼 드레서의 장식을 위한 식물학 연구와 일러스트, 장식의 문법, 1856 | (우) 자연의 예술 형식, 에른스트 헤켈, 1899-1904
각국의 아르누보
뉴 아트는 지역에 따라 조금씩 다른 양상과 이름으로 발전하는 양상을 보였어요. 프랑스와 영국은 윌리엄 모리스로 대표되는 장식예술, 스코틀랜드의 직선의 아르누보 건축가 매킨토시, 독일의 유겐트슈틸(Jugendstil), 오스트리아 빈을 중심으로 한 분리파(Sezession)는 요제프 마리아 올브리히, 구스타프 클림트, 에곤 실레 등이 주도하였으며, 식물과 같은 자연에서 모티브를 가져왔지만 직선적인 기하학적 요소도 많이 사용하였어요. 스페인을 대표하는 건축가 안토니오 가우디도 아르누보 양식에 영향을 받았어요.
(좌) Zodiac, 알폰스 무하, 1896 (출처 : www.muchafoundation.org) | (중) 유겐트 잡지의 표지, 한스 프파프, 1896 | (우) 생명의 나무, 구스타프 클림트, 1909
아르누보 스타일의 특징은 뭐니 뭐니 해도 자연에서 영감을 받은 우아한 곡선이에요. 식물 무늬, 꽃, 나비 같은 모티브들이 유기적인 형태로 발전했어요. 🦋 알폰스 무하를 다룬 지난 뉴스레터를 기억하시나요?(2024-09-25, 17호 참고)
산업이 고도화되면서 모더니즘의 가치가 더 중시되면서 장식을 배제하는 분위기 속에 아르누보도 그 힘을 잃어갔어요. 아르누보는 짧은 시간 유행했지만, 1900년 파리 만국박람회에서 그 정점을 찍었고, 이때 파리 도심의 여러 아르누보 건축물을 디자인 한 사람이 바로 헥토르 기마르(Hector Guimard)입니다. 당시 기마르 스타일이라고 부르며 유행했던 양식이랍니다. 잠시 기마르가 디자인한 곡선의 파리를 함께 여행해 보실까요?
헥토르 기마르의 아르누보 건축
기마르의 대표작은 파리 지하철 입구들이에요. 철제 구조물에 유리와 타일을 결합하여 독특한 미학을 창조했어요. 아르누보 스타일의 전형적인 특징인 유려한 곡선과 식물 모티프를 반영하고 있어, 당시의 도시 환경과 잘 어우러진답니다. 또한, 기마르는 주택, 상업 건물, 가구 디자인 등 다양한 분야에서도 활동하며 아르누보 운동의 발전에 기여헸어요. 그의 작품은 당시의 예술적 경향과 기술적 혁신을 결합하여, 현대 건축에 큰 영향을 미쳤습니다. 기마르의 디자인은 오늘날에도 많은 사람들에게 사랑받고 있으며, 그의 아르누보 건축은 독창성과 예술성을 보여주는 중요한 유산으로 남았답니다.
지금은 철거되어 볼 수 없는 바스티유역의 메트로 입구, 헥토르 기마르, 1900
파리 지하철 아베스역의 입구, 헥토르 기마르, 1900
카스텔 베랑제르 입구, 헥토르 기마르, 1895-1898
AI로 구현해 본 기마르 스타일
다음과 같은 키워드들을 프롬프트에 포함하여 기마르 스타일의 건축물 이미지를 생성할 수 있어요! 여러분들도 우아하고 기품있는 여러분들만의 건축물을 생성해 보세요!
'Art Nouveau-inspired building', 'Hector Guimar style', 'nature-inspired details', 'leaves', 'ivory', 'flowing organic lines', 'nature-inspired motifs such as flowers and leaves'
[ prompt] Architectural Design. Bring the colorful gateways of the Art Nouveau-inspired building to the fore in Hector Guimar style. Focus on buildings with natural-inspired details such as gold and ivory, green, flowing organic lines, intricate wrought ironwork, vines, leaves, and flowers. The structure should feature curved glass canopies, elaborate masonry, and delicate balconies in a harmonious and elegant style. Emphasizing intricate details, including soft lighting, it evokes the charm of Paris in the early 20th century. Warm and rich colors, romantic atmosphere
[prompt] Art Nouveau Architectural Design. Design inspired by Hector Guimar style. Focus on buildings with deep-sea creature-inspired details. The structure should feature curved glass canopies, elaborate masonry and gold delicate balconies in a harmonious and elegant style.
[prompt] Futuristic skyscraper influenced by Hector Guimard's Art Nouveau architecture, which features flowing organic curves, intricate iron structures resembling vines, and large, arched windows. The exterior is decorated with nature-inspired motifs, such as flowers and leaves, combined with modern materials like glass and metal. The building combines futuristic design and elegance to integrate natural forms and cutting-edge technology and is set in a vibrant, shiny urban skyline.
[prompt] Futuristic skyscraper that has been influenced by Hector Guimard's Art Nouveau architecture, which features flowing organic curves, intricate iron structures that resemble vines, and large, arched windows. The exterior is decorated with nature-inspired motifs such as flowers and leaves, combined with modern materials such as glass and metal. The building combines futuristic design and elegance to integrate natural forms and cutting-edge technology, and is set in a vibrant, shiny urban skyline.
[prompt] Futuristic skyscraper that has been influenced by Hector Guimard's Art Nouveau architecture, which features flowing organic curves, intricate iron structures that resemble vines, and large, arched windows. The exterior is decorated with nature-inspired motifs such as flowers and leaves, combined with modern materials such as glass and metal. The building combines futuristic design and elegance to integrate natural forms and cutting-edge technology, and is set in a vibrant.
[prompt] futuristic architecture that has been influenced by Hector Guimard's Art Nouveau style, which features flowing organic curves, intricate iron structures that resemble vines, and large, arched windows. The exterior is decorated with nature-inspired motifs such as flowers and leaves. The building combines futuristic design and elegance to integrate natural forms and cutting-edge technology.
+ 보너스!!
수채화와 색연필, 파스텔을 사용하여 온화하고 디테일한 그림을 표현할 수 있는 스타일 레퍼런스를 활용하여 기마르 스타일의 아르누보 건물을 일러스트 풍으로 생성해 보았어요.
오늘의 Midjourney --sref 1399854940를 참고하세요! 🙌
[prompt] futuristic architecture that has been influenced by Hector Guimard's Art Nouveau style, which features flowing organic curves, intricate iron structures that resemble vines, and large, arched windows. The exterior is decorated with nature-inspired motifs such as flowers and leaves. The building combines futuristic design and elegance to integrate natural forms and cutting-edge technology. --sref 1399854940
![[ prompt] Architectural Design. Bring the colorful gateways of the Art Nouveau-inspired building to the fore in Hector Guimar style. Focus on buildings with natural-inspired details such as gold and ivory, green, flowing organic lines, intricate wrought ironwork, vines, leaves, and flowers. The structure should feature curved glass canopies, elaborate masonry, and delicate balconies in a harmonious and elegant style. Emphasizing intricate details, including soft lighting, it evokes the charm of Paris in the early 20th century. Warm and rich colors, romantic atmosphere](https://cdn.maily.so/y5061tld9yt3hmadwy661adr5rmt)
![[prompt] Art Nouveau Architectural Design. Design inspired by Hector Guimar style. Focus on buildings with deep-sea creature-inspired details. The structure should feature curved glass canopies, elaborate masonry and gold delicate balconies in a harmonious and elegant style.](https://cdn.maily.so/c9kerfemdad1rvrd7ugmb9fwqa5e)
![[prompt] Futuristic skyscraper influenced by Hector Guimard's Art Nouveau architecture, which features flowing organic curves, intricate iron structures resembling vines, and large, arched windows. The exterior is decorated with nature-inspired motifs, such as flowers and leaves, combined with modern materials like glass and metal. The building combines futuristic design and elegance to integrate natural forms and cutting-edge technology and is set in a vibrant, shiny urban skyline.](https://cdn.maily.so/etcuw2alaz98frdckq8q48dytpce)
![[prompt] Futuristic skyscraper that has been influenced by Hector Guimard's Art Nouveau architecture, which features flowing organic curves, intricate iron structures that resemble vines, and large, arched windows. The exterior is decorated with nature-inspired motifs such as flowers and leaves, combined with modern materials such as glass and metal. The building combines futuristic design and elegance to integrate natural forms and cutting-edge technology, and is set in a vibrant, shiny urban skyline.](https://cdn.maily.so/9gvtbjehzfm6l2bxtyno94w8qosu)
![[prompt] Futuristic skyscraper that has been influenced by Hector Guimard's Art Nouveau architecture, which features flowing organic curves, intricate iron structures that resemble vines, and large, arched windows. The exterior is decorated with nature-inspired motifs such as flowers and leaves, combined with modern materials such as glass and metal. The building combines futuristic design and elegance to integrate natural forms and cutting-edge technology, and is set in a vibrant.](https://cdn.maily.so/2n1dn01na8j4cfovs1j2nbvaj2vi)
![[prompt] futuristic architecture that has been influenced by Hector Guimard's Art Nouveau style, which features flowing organic curves, intricate iron structures that resemble vines, and large, arched windows. The exterior is decorated with nature-inspired motifs such as flowers and leaves. The building combines futuristic design and elegance to integrate natural forms and cutting-edge technology.](https://cdn.maily.so/j20o11cjfnet1i87q092loj5n88f)
![[prompt] futuristic architecture that has been influenced by Hector Guimard's Art Nouveau style, which features flowing organic curves, intricate iron structures that resemble vines, and large, arched windows. The exterior is decorated with nature-inspired motifs such as flowers and leaves. The building combines futuristic design and elegance to integrate natural forms and cutting-edge technology. --sref 1399854940](https://cdn.maily.so/5aca7lu3une05dudim160ngofe53)
![[prompt] cat --sref 1399854940](https://cdn.maily.so/tipdr36cckfnk2ut8c2v7xrcj1ai)
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