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(์˜ˆ๊ณ ) 7๏ธโƒฃ์›”์˜ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ ˆํ„ฐ!

๋‰ด์Šค๋ ˆํ„ฐ

๐Ÿง  ๋‚ก์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์™ธ๋ฉดํ•ด์˜จ ์ง„์งœ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค

Foreign Affairs (2025 May/Jun), Works in Progress

2025.06.19 | ์กฐํšŒ 96 |
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ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ์˜ ํ”„๋กœํ•„ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€

ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ

Foreign Affairs ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์น˜ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ›‘์–ด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐ŸŒ ์›น์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
๋” ๊น”๋”ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ฝ์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”!

 

[ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ] 6์›” ์…‹์งธ์ฃผ ๋ชฉ์š”์ผ ๋ฆฌํฌํŠธ

 

Works in Progress :

Yesterdayโ€™s Economic Thinking Canโ€™t Solve Todayโ€™s Economic Problems

 

[REVIEW ESSAY]

 

Abundance

By Ezra Klein and Derek Thompson. Simon & Schuster, 2025, 304 pp.

The Measure of Progress: Counting What Really Matters

By Diane Coyle. Princeton University Press, 2025, 320 pp.

 

๋‰ด์š• ์›”์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ. [AFP = ์—ฐํ•ฉ๋‰ด์Šค]
๋‰ด์š• ์›”์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ. [AFP = ์—ฐํ•ฉ๋‰ด์Šค]

 

๐ŸŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?

 

๐Ÿ“‰ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๋น„ํšจ์œจ

ํ˜„๋Œ€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์‘ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ง€์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅธ๋ฐ” โ€™์ •์ฑ…์‹œ์ฐจ(policy lag)โ€™๋Š” ์ •์ฑ… ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ์‹คํ–‰, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ ๋„๋‹ฌ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ„๊ทน์„ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ๊ธ‰๋ณ€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ •๋ถ€ ๋Œ€์‘์˜ ์ ์‹œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์š”์ธ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํ†ตํ™”์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋ฐ˜์˜๋˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ 6๊ฐœ์›”์—์„œ 2๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ์ง€์ฒด์— ๊ทธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ •์น˜์  ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ •์ฑ… ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ž์ฒด์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ํ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋งž๋ฌผ๋ ค ํฌํ“ฐ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์  ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋˜๋ฉด, ์ ์‹œ์— ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์‘์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์  ์ •์น˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ •์ฑ… ์‹คํŒจ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿงจ ํฌํ“ฐ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜๊ณผ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ์•…์ˆœํ™˜

๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ •์น˜์™€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ์ž‘๋™ ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์€ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์น˜๊ถŒ์€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์ค‘์žฅ๊ธฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์—ผ๋‘์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ดด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฌํ“ฐ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ž๊ทนํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๊ฐœํ˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋น„ ์ง„์ž‘์ด๋‚˜ ์žฌ์ • ํ™•๋Œ€์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ•ด์น  ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์ „ ํ˜ธํ™ฉ์„ ์ธ์œ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์ดํ›„ ๊ธด์ถ•์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์น˜์  ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์ˆœํ™˜์€ ์‹ค๋ฌผ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์ธ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ ๋ขฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ •์ฑ…ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ์›์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ ๋˜๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿ“Š ํ†ต๊ณ„๋กœ ํฌ์ฐฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํ˜„์‹ค

๊ฒฝ์ œ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์‹ค์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‚ค์˜ค์Šคํฌ ๋„์ž…, ๋ฌด์ธํ™” ํ™•์‚ฐ, ๊ฐ€์ƒํ™”ํ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜, ๋ฌด๊ธ‰ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๋…ธ๋™ ๋“ฑ์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ GDP๋‚˜ ๊ณ ์šฉ์ง€ํ‘œ์— ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์ฒด๊ฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์™€ ๊ณต์‹์ง€ํ‘œ ๊ฐ„ ๊ดด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ ์  ๋” ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ํ˜„์‹ค ๊ฐ„ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜๋Š” ์ •์ฑ… ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ์•ฝํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์ •์ฑ… ์ž์ฒด์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์—๋„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ง„๋‹จ ์—†์ด๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ, ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์˜ ์ „๋ฉด์  ๊ฐœํŽธ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿ”Ž ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€?

๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ์ „ํ™˜์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€์—, ์ด๋ฒˆ ๋ถ ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์Œ์„ ๋˜์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ โ€˜์ง„๋ณดโ€™๋ผ๊ณ  ์ •์˜ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€? ์ฒด๊ฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์„ฑ์žฅ, ํฌ์ฐฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋…ธ๋™, ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ, ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€์€ ๊ณผ์—ฐ ์œ ํšจํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?

์ด ๊ธ€์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ํ†ต๊ณ„, ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ถ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐœํ˜์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ, ๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์•ž์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„œ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๐Ÿ“ˆ๐ŸŒ

 

๐Ÿ‘จโ€๐Ÿซ ์ €์ž๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?

 

์„ธ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์•„ ์—˜๋ ˆ๋‚˜ ๋ผ์šฐ์Šค (Cecilia Elena Rouse)

์„ธ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์•„ ์—˜๋ ˆ๋‚˜ ๋ผ์šฐ์Šค๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ๋…ธ๋™๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž์ด์ž ๊ต์œก๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋กœ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ธŒ๋ฃจํ‚น์Šค ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ(Brookings Institution) ์†Œ์žฅ์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ”„๋ฆฐ์Šคํ„ด ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™ ๋ฐ ๊ต์œกํ•™ ์นด์ธ ๋งŒ-์—๋ฅธ์ŠคํŠธ ์„์ขŒ ๊ต์ˆ˜(Katzman-Ernst Professor)๋กœ ์žฌ์ง ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2021~2023๋…„์—๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ž๋ฌธ์œ„์›ํšŒ(CEA) ์˜์žฅ์„ ๋งก์•„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ „๋žต ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์„ ์ฃผ๋„ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์ž„๋ช…๋œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ์ง•์„ฑ๋„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ๋Œ€์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌํ•™์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ํ”„๋ฆฐ์Šคํ„ด์—์„œ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋กœ ์žฌ์งํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋…ธ๋™์‹œ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ ‘์ ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ์Œ“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์นผ๋ฆฌ์ง€์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ, ์‚ฌ๋ฆฝํ•™๊ต ๋ฐ”์šฐ์ฒ˜ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ, ๊ต์œก ํˆฌ์ž…๊ณผ ์„ฑ์ทจ๋„, ์˜ค์ผ€์ŠคํŠธ๋ผ ์˜ค๋””์…˜์—์„œ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ๋“ฑ ์‹ค์ฆ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฌํšŒ์ •์ฑ…์— ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ํ†ต์ฐฐ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2012~2021๋…„์—๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฐ์Šคํ„ด ๊ณต๊ณตยท๊ตญ์ œ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•™์žฅ์„ ์—ญ์ž„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ผ์šฐ์Šค๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ฒ ํ•™ํ•™ํšŒ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™์•„์นด๋ฐ๋ฏธ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ํšŒ์›์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆยทํด๋ฆฐํ„ด ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ์ •์ฑ… ์ž๋ฌธ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. The Future of Children ์ •์ฑ… ์ €๋„ ์ˆ˜์„ ํŽธ์ง‘์ž, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™ ํ•™์ˆ ์ง€ ํŽธ์ง‘์œ„์›, ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ… ๊ด€๋ จ ๋น„์˜๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ์ด์‚ฌ์ง์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•™๊ณ„์™€ ๊ณต๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฌธ์—์„œ ํญ ๋„“๊ฒŒ ํ™œ๋™ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ, ๊ต์œก ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ, ์ธ์ข… ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐํšŒ ๊ท ํ˜• ๋“ฑ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ๋ฐ›๋Š” ํ•™์ž ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

โœ… ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 3์ค„ ์š”์•ฝ์€?

 

1๏ธโƒฃ Klein & Thompson์€ ใ€ŽAbundanceใ€ ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ํ˜์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ํ™•์žฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์žฌํ™”์™€ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” โ€˜ํ’์š” ์‚ฌํšŒโ€™๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๊ทœ์ œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ฃŒ์ฃผ์˜, R&D ํˆฌ์ž ์ถ•์†Œ๋กœ ์‹คํ–‰๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋น„ํŒํ•œ๋‹ค.

2๏ธโƒฃ Coyle์€ ใ€ŽThe Measure of Progressใ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ํ™œ๋™, ๋น„์ž„๊ธˆ ๋…ธ๋™, ์ž์—ฐ ์ž์› ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉฐ, โ€˜์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์šฉโ€™์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ํฌ๊ด„์  ๋ถ€(wealth)์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ธก์ • ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค.

3๏ธโƒฃ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‘ ์ œ์•ˆ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ •์น˜์ ยท์ œ๋„์  ํ•œ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‹คํ–‰์— ์ œ์•ฝ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐœํ˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ถ€ ์—ญํ• ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ž…์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ €์ž๋Š” ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•œ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿคท ๋ญ˜ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฑด๋ฐ?

 

๐Ÿงฑ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ฑด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํƒ“์ด๋‹ค

์ด ๊ธ€์˜ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ์™œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ดํ† ๋ก ๋ฌด๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋А๊ปด์งˆ๊นŒ?โ€ ๊ธ€์“ด์ด๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ถŒ์˜ ์ฑ…โ€”Ezra Klein๊ณผ Derek Thompson์˜ ใ€ŽAbundanceใ€, Diane Coyle์˜ ใ€ŽThe Measure of Progressใ€โ€”์„ ๋ฌถ์–ด ๋ณด๋ฉฐ, ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์งš์–ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋™์‹œ์— ์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์„ค๊ณ„ ์ž์ฒด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ง‰ํ˜€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .

ํŠนํžˆ ใ€ŽAbundanceใ€๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ผ์„ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ง‰๋Š” ๊ฑด ์™ธ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์ฃผ์˜์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ–‰์ •์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฒ•(Administrative Procedure Act)๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ๊ทœ์ œ๋“ค์€ ์›๋ž˜ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋‚จ์šฉ์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ํ”ผ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํšŒ๊ณ„๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ โ€˜์™œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋А๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌด๋Šฅํ•˜๋ƒโ€™๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ถˆ์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์•…์ˆœํ™˜์ด ์ƒ๊ธด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

โš™๏ธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ธก์ • ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚ก์•˜๋‹ค

ํ•œํŽธ ใ€ŽThe Measure of Progressใ€๋Š” ๊ด€์ ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”, โ€œ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ดํ•ด์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชป ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ?โ€๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. GDP, ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ, ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋“ค์ด 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ์‚ฐ์—…์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅธ ์ฑ„, ์ง€๊ธˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์™€ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ, ๋ฌดํ˜• ์ž์‚ฐ์ด ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ด ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์…€ํ”„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋Œ€(self-checkout)๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ธก์ •๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์†Œ๋น„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๊ธ‰ ๋…ธ๋™์„ ๋– ์•ˆ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ง€์ ์€ ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ ์žˆ์ฃ .

๋˜ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ฌด๊ธ‰ ๋Œ๋ด„๋…ธ๋™์ด๋‚˜ ์ž์—ฐ์ž๋ณธ(natural capital)์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๋„ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ง€์ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๋…ธ๋™์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ๋Œ๋ด„, ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ •ํ™”๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์งˆ ์œ ์ง€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž์—ฐ์ด ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋Š” ์‹œ์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๊ณต์‹ ํ†ต๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋น ์ ธ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ์ •์ฑ… ์„ค๊ณ„์—์„œ๋„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ค„์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ™œ๋™๋“ค์ด ์ง€ํ‘œ์—์„œ ๋น ์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด, ์ •์ฑ… ๊ฒฐ์ •์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๊ณต๊ณตํˆฌ์ž๋„ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ธก์ •์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋‚ณ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์ด๊ฒŒ Coyle์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿ—๏ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค!

์ด ๊ธ€์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋‘ ์ฑ…์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ธ€์“ด์ด๋Š” '์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค'๊ณ  ์ผ๊ฐˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Coyle์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ํ†ต๊ณ„ ๊ฐœ์„ ์€ ๊ณ ์ƒํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆด ์ˆ˜์กฐ์ฐจ ์—†๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์—์„œ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘์€ ๋ง์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์งš์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋…ธ๋™ํ†ต๊ณ„๊ตญ(BLS)์˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์€ 2010๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ ์ €ํ•˜๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ใ€ŽAbundanceใ€ ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰ ์žฌ๊ฑด์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ณผ์—ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ถŒํ•œ ํ™•๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ• ์ง€๋Š” ์˜๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ์‹œ(oversight)๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ฃ . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ณ  ์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด, ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ง€๊ธฐ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋จผ์ € ์œ„์ถ•๋˜๊ณ , ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์•„๋ฌด ์ผ๋„ ๋ชป ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์—ญ์„ค์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Klein๊ณผ Thompson์€ ๊ณต๊ณต ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ(R&D)์˜ ์นจ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ DARPA ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‹คํŒจ๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ํ˜์‹ ์„ ๋‚ณ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ •์น˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ฆฌ์Šคํฌ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

โณ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋ˆ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋‹ค

๊ธ€์“ด์ด๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ง„์งœ ์ œ์•ฝ์€ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ โ€˜์‹œ๊ฐ„โ€™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์žฌ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์Œ“๋Š” ๊ฑด ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”, AI, ๊ณ ๋ นํ™”, ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ๋‘”ํ™”โ€”์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•œ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ . ๋”๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ, ํƒˆํƒ„์†Œํ™”, ๋ณต์ง€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์ „ํ™˜ ๋“ฑ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ๋Šฆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐœํ˜์ด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด โ€˜ํ˜์‹ ์ โ€™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง๋กœ ํฌ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ, ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์‹คํŒจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฆฌ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ์ •๋‹นํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์  ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ โ€œ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋” ํฐ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹คโ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ์ฅ์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์ฃผ ์žŠ๊ณค ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.

 

๐Ÿ“Œ ์ง„์งœ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” โ€˜๋Šฅ๋ ฅโ€™์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ โ€˜์‹ ๋ขฐโ€™ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ?

์ด ๊ธ€์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ผ์„ ๋ชป ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ๋งก๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ?โ€ ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋งŽ์ง€๋งŒ, ์™œ ๊ทธ ๊ทœ์ œ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์žŠ์œผ๋ฉด, ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฑธ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ โ€˜๋‚ญ๋น„๋‹ค, ๋ฌด๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹คโ€™๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ •ํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?

์ด ๊ธ€์—์„œ ๊ธ€์“ด์ด๋Š” Abundance์™€ The Measure of Progress, ๋‘ ์ฑ…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์ด ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ชจ์ˆœโ€”์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋ฌด๋ ฅํ•จ๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ž‰๊ธฐ๋Œ€, ๋‚ก์€ ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ณผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฐ„๊ทนโ€”์„ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ๊ทน์•ฝ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€์š”?โ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์ฒซ ๋‹จ์ถ”๋Š” ์ œ๋„๋ณด๋‹ค ์‹ ๋ขฐ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!

 

๐Ÿ“– ์ฝ์€ ํ‹ฐ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ณด์ž!

์•„์˜ˆ ์•ˆ ์ฝ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์• ๋งคํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”? ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐœ์ทŒํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”! ๐Ÿ˜†

 

๐Ÿ” ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ธฐ

 

โ€œAbundance and The Measure of Progress may have separate focuses, but they are united by the notion that the government cannot address todayโ€™s problems with yesterdayโ€™s institutions and processes. Although Klein and Thompsonโ€™s thought-provoking book does not provide concrete answers, it offers a fresh lens through which to view a struggling world and the American governmentโ€™s role in it. The book raises many questions, wrestles with previous assumptions, and provides new ideas. Coyleโ€™s latest work offers a more specific diagnosis of a problem and charts a direction toward better economic measures. It improves readersโ€™ understanding of progress. Both provide new ways of examining the economy and society and suggest new kinds of change.โ€


 

ใ€ŠAbundanceใ€‹์™€ ใ€ŠThe Measure of Progressใ€‹๋Š” ์ดˆ์ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์–ด์ œ์˜ ์ œ๋„์™€ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ณตํ†ต๋œ ์ธ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ํด๋ผ์ธ๊ณผ ํ†ฐ์Šจ์˜ ์ฑ…์€ ๋„๋ฐœ์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ํ•ด๋‹ต์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์‹ , ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์™€ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ฑ…์€ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ „์ œ๋ฅผ ์žฌ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ €์„œ๋Š” ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ง„๋‹จ๊ณผ, ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. โ€˜์ง„๋ณดโ€™๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…์ž์˜ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์‹ฌํ™”์‹œ์ผœ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์ฑ… ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์™€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•œ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿ—๏ธ ํ˜์‹ , ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ๊ฐ€

 

โ€œKlein and Thompson contend that the U.S. government today is ill equipped to deliver in key areas such as housing, climate and energy, and innovation. The crux of the issue, as they see it, is that the American state is tied up by regulations and bureaucracy, as well as a loss of government expertise due to an outsourcing of its workforce in some areas. Consider, for example, decarbonization. According to scientists, the United States will need to move away from a reliance on machines such as gasoline-powered cars that operate with their own sources of energy and toward ones that rely instead on electric grids. It will also need to power those grids with clean energy sources instead of fossil fuels. To do so, the United States must convert around one billion machines into cleaner alternatives, build new electric grids to handle increased demand, and erect more transmission lines to move power to where it is needed. The authors argue, however, that the environmental regulations, labor laws, and oversight mechanisms that once created a better quality of life for Americans are now hindering these projects and impeding innovation. Decades ago, for example, California began building an electric high-speed rail system that could decrease travel times across the state and reduce the number of carbon-emitting vehicles on the roads. But for all the money California has spent, the project has led to few new tracks because environmental reviews and property protections have made it prohibitively expensive.โ€

 

ํด๋ผ์ธ๊ณผ ํ†ฐ์Šจ์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ฃผํƒ, ๊ธฐํ›„ยท์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ํ˜์‹  ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๊ทœ์ œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ฃŒ์ฃผ์˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์— ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์™ธ์ฃผํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์˜ ์ƒ์‹ค์ด๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์ปจ๋Œ€ ํƒˆํƒ„์†Œํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ž. ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ๊ฐ€์†”๋ฆฐ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž์ฒด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์›์„ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์—์„œ, ์ „๋ ฅ๋ง์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ์ด ์ „๋ ฅ๋ง์€ ํ™”์„์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์ฒญ์ •์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์•ฝ 10์–ต ๋Œ€์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ , ์ˆ˜์š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ๋ง์„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ณณ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•  ์†ก์ „์„ ๋„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ €์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผฐ๋˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ทœ์ œ, ๋…ธ๋™๋ฒ•, ๊ฐ์‹œ ์ œ๋„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋ฐฉํ•ด๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ์ „ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„๋Š” ์ฃผ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ์ด๋™์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ๋„๋กœ์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฐฐ์ถœ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ ์† ์ „๊ธฐ์ฒ ๋„ ๊ฑด์„ค์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ด ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์™€ ์žฌ์‚ฐ๊ถŒ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์„ค์น˜๋œ ์„ ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿ“‰ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์™œ๊ณกํ•œ๋‹ค

 

โ€œCoyle describes other data challenges brought about by dramatic shifts in the American economy over the past 80 years. Consider the price of goodsโ€”which is what economists generally use to measure inflation. Analysts struggle to assign value to goods that lack a market price, and they are often slow to update the basket of goods used to measure price levels. As a result, they do not provide decision-makers with a clear image of economic health and progress. The effects of technology and digitization on labor have also created problems for productivity metrics. A quarter of U.S. productivity growth can be attributed to retail, and yet paid checkout clerks have been increasingly replaced with self-checkout machines. This means statisticians are likely overestimating true productivity growth in their tabulations, because they are counting the reduction in paid labor as savings for the company but not accounting for the new, unpaid labor by the consumer. In other words, measurements of productivity indicate that the retail business is now less labor-intensiveโ€”and thus more productiveโ€”than it actually is. Similarly, measures of GDP in the United States do not include household production, such as the care of children and the elderly by unpaid caregivers. Such care is left out even though the ratio of dependents to nondependents has grown and as increasing numbers of women have entered the labor force. When caregiving is excluded from national statistics, policymakers are more likely to underappreciate its economic value and underinvest in it.โ€

 

์ฝ”์ผ์€ ์ง€๋‚œ 80๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์ปจ๋Œ€ ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์€ ์ƒํ’ˆ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹œ์žฅ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ , ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ˆ˜ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” โ€˜์ƒํ’ˆ ๋ฐ”์Šค์ผ“โ€™๋„ ์ž์ฃผ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์ •์ฑ… ๊ฒฐ์ •์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ƒํƒœ์™€ ์ง„๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋™์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ ์—ญ์‹œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์™œ๊ณกํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ์„ฑ์žฅ์˜ ์•ฝ 4๋ถ„์˜ 1์ด ์†Œ๋งค์—…์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ ์  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์œ ๋ฃŒ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์›๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์ธ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์œ ๋ฃŒ ๋…ธ๋™์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๋น„์šฉ ์ ˆ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์†Œ๋น„์ž์˜ โ€˜๋ฌด๊ธ‰ ๋…ธ๋™โ€™์€ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ์‹ค์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์ง‘๊ณ„๋˜๋Š” ์…ˆ์ด๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ์ธก์ •์น˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋งค์—…์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋…ธ๋™์ง‘์•ฝ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ GDP ํ†ต๊ณ„์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๋…ธ๋™โ€”ํŠนํžˆ ์•„์ด์™€ ๋…ธ์ธ์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฌด๊ธ‰ ๋Œ๋ด„ ๋…ธ๋™โ€”์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋Œ๋ด„ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜๊ณ  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ™œ๋™ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋…ธ๋™์ด ํ†ต๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋น ์ง€๋ฉด, ์ •์ฑ… ๊ฒฐ์ •์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ด€๋ จ ํˆฌ์ž๋„ ์ค„์ด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿงญ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธก์ •์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค

 

โ€œA successful effort to unfetter Washingtonโ€™s capacity and create lasting reforms could instead come from policymakers who really know where the country is goingโ€”or as Coyle says, have the right measure for progress. Klein and Thompson give a starting point, but it will take more effort to determine the correct mix of regulation and deregulation needed to achieve โ€œabundanceโ€ without harming the quality of life as it exists today. More broadly, the public needs a better understanding of the work of government, and it needs to adopt a more open approach to governmentโ€™s role in addressing important and existential challenges, be it investments in risky research, climate change, or income inequality.โ€

 

์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด์˜ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐœํ˜์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด, ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์•„๋Š” ์ •์ฑ… ์ž…์•ˆ์ž๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹คโ€”์ฝ”์ผ์˜ ๋ง์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, โ€˜์ง„๋ณด๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ค„ ์•„๋Š”โ€™ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ง์ด๋‹ค. ํด๋ผ์ธ๊ณผ ํ†ฐ์Šจ์€ ์‹œ์ž‘์ ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ํ•ด์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด์„œ โ€˜ํ’์š”โ€™๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ์™„ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋” ๋„“๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ž๋ฉด, ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค ๋˜ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํˆฌ์ž, ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”, ์†Œ๋“ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿ˜ƒ ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ, ๋” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค!

๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋’ท ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์™€ ํ•ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด์š”!

 

๐ŸŽฌ ์ด ์—์„ธ์ด์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ : ใ€ŽThe Measure of Progressใ€ ์™€ ใ€ŽAbundanceใ€

 

์ฒจ๋ถ€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€
์ฒจ๋ถ€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€

 

์ด ์—์„ธ์ด์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋œ ๋‘ ๊ถŒ์˜ ์ฑ…์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ Diane Coyle์˜ ใ€ŽThe Measure of Progress: Counting What Really Mattersใ€ ์™€ Ezra Klein๊ณผ Derek Thompson์˜ ใ€ŽAbundanceใ€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ โ€˜์ง„๋ณดโ€™๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์ •๋ง ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ธก์ •๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”? ใ€ŽThe Measure of Progressใ€ ์—์„œ Coyle์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์จ์˜จ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€, ๋” ์ด์ƒ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. GDP๋ผ๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๋Š” ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ 1940๋…„๋Œ€ ์‚ฐ์—… ์ค‘์‹ฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„ ์œ„๊ธฐ, ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ๋ฌด๊ธ‰๋…ธ๋™, ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ž๋ณธ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์€ ์•„์˜ˆ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์— ํฌํ•จ์กฐ์ฐจ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .

์ฝ”์ผ์€ โ€œํฌ๊ด„์  ๋ถ€(Comprehensive Wealth)โ€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ์  ์ž๋ณธ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ž์—ฐ ์ž๋ณธ, ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์ž๋ณธ, ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ž๋ณธ, ์ง€์‹ ์ž๋ณธ ๋“ฑ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž๋ณธ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํšŒ๊ณ„ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด, ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ๊ณผ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ง€ GDP ๋Œ€์‹  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ํ†ต๊ณ„ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‚ถ์˜ ํ˜„์‹ค๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ง“๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์žฌ์„ค๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•œํŽธ, Klein๊ณผ Thompson ์€ ใ€ŽAbundanceใ€ ์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๋“ฏ ๋А๊ปด์ง€๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๊ณ ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง‘, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ์ธํ”„๋ผโ€”ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์˜ โ€˜๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ถ€์กฑโ€™์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€, ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์›์ธ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, โ€œ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ง“๋Š” ์ •์น˜โ€๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ช… โ€˜ํ’์š” ์–ด์  ๋‹ค(Abundance Agenda)โ€™์ฃ .

์ด ์ฑ…์€ ์ง„๋ณด ์ง„์˜์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ โ€˜๋ณด์กด๊ณผ ๊ทœ์ œโ€™์—๋งŒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด์˜จ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ, ๋˜๋ ค ํ•„์ˆ˜์žฌ์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ๊ณผ ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์ •์ฑ…, ๊ทœ์ œ ๊ฐœํ˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์ถ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ๊ธˆ ์ง„๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ใ€ŽThe Measure of Progressใ€๋Š” โ€œ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ง„๋ณด์ธ๊ฐ€โ€๋ฅผ ๋ฌป๊ณ , ใ€ŽAbundanceใ€๋Š” โ€œ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง„๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€โ€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์งœ๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ฒœ์„ ์ด‰๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์ง€ํ‘œ์™€ ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋А๊ปด์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด์ด ๋‘ ๊ถŒ์˜ ์ฑ…์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•ด์ค„ ๋‚˜์นจ๋ฐ˜์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!

 

๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค

 

1๏ธโƒฃ ์‹คํŒจ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•ด๋„ ์ •๋‹นํ•œ๊ฐ€?

Klein๊ณผ Thompson์€ mRNA ๋ฐฑ์‹  ์‚ฌ๋ก€์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹คํŒจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์„ฑ๊ณต ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋งŒ์„ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ณต ์žฌ์ •์„ ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณผ์—ฐ ์ •๋‹นํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?

2๏ธโƒฃ โ€˜๊ณต๊ธ‰ ํ™•๋Œ€โ€™๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•ด๋ฒ•์ธ๊ฐ€?

์ €์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์žฌํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ๋Š˜๋ ค์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ž์› ์†Œ๋น„์™€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐํ›„์œ„๊ธฐ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— โ€˜๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜์žโ€™๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ƒ, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ตฌ์‹œ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ์š”?

3๏ธโƒฃ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€?

Coyle์€ GDP ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ง€ํ‘œ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ โ€˜์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธก์ •โ€™์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ์ •๊ตํ•ด๋„, ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ๊ณผ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฌด์Šจ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”? ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ โ€˜๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋А๋ƒโ€™๋ณด๋‹ค โ€˜๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋А๋ƒโ€™์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?

4๏ธโƒฃ ์ง€ํ‘œ์˜ ์ •์น˜ํ™”, ๋” ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ?

โ€˜์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ™œ์šฉโ€™์ด๋‚˜ โ€˜๊ฐ€์ • ๋‚ด ๋ฌด๊ธ‰ ๋…ธ๋™โ€™์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ฃผ๊ด€์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…๋“ค์„ ์ง€ํ‘œํ™”ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋„๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •์ด ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ  ํ•ด์„์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ํ†ต๊ณ„์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์ •๋Ÿ‰์  ํŒ๋‹จ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ํ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์ •์น˜์  ์™œ๊ณก์„ ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์—†์„๊นŒ์š”?

 

๐Ÿ˜Š ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฝ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค!

 

โ€˜Itโ€™s a huge problemโ€™: whatโ€™s gone wrong at the ONS and why does it matter? (The Guardian, Dec 23, 2024)

์ž‘๋…„ 12์›”, ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜์™€ ๋‚ก์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตญ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ํ†ต๊ณ„์ฒญ(ONS)์€ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ํ†ต๊ณ„์™€ GDP ์‚ฐ์ถœ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋กœ ๋น„ํŒ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ๋ฐ” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์šฉ ํ†ต๊ณ„์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ธ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌ(LFS)๋Š” ์‘๋‹ต๋ฅ  ํ•˜๋ฝ๊ณผ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์™œ๊ณก ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ โ€œ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์šฉ์ง€๋ฌผโ€์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ‰๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐ›์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์˜๋ž€์€ํ–‰ ์ด์žฌ๋„ ๊ณต์‹ ์„์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ฒญ๋…„์ธต(18~24์„ธ)๊ณผ ๊ณ ๋ น์ธต(50~64์„ธ) ๊ณ ์šฉ ์ˆ˜์น˜์—์„œ ํฐ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์˜์‹ฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ •์ฑ… ๊ฒฐ์ •์ž๋“ค์ด โ€œ๋ˆˆ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉโ€์— ๋†“์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ์šฐ๋ ค๋„ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ONS๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  โ€˜์ „ํ™˜ ๋…ธ๋™์‹œ์žฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌโ€™๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ค‘์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ์ผ์ • ์••๋ฐ•์œผ๋กœ 2027๋…„๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์™„์„ฑ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์ง์› ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ณต์ง€์— ๋ถ€์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์ณค์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์–ธ์ด ๋ฌด์‹œ๋๋‹ค๋Š” ๋น„ํŒ๋„ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ด์•…ํ•œ ์ž„๊ธˆ, ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ์ด์ง๋ฅ , ๋…ธ์กฐ์™€์˜ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ ๋“ฑ๋„ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ์•ฝํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ •์ฑ… ํ˜ผ์„ ์„ ์šฐ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์†์—์„œ, ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์‹ค์—…๊ธ‰์—ฌ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋“ค์ด LFS์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณผ์žฅํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์˜๊ตญ ๊ณ ์šฉ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ, ํ•ด๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๋ณด์ด๋„ค์š”. ๐Ÿ“‰๐Ÿ“Š๐Ÿคฏ

 

์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ง€ํ‘œ ๊ฐœํ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ Foreign Affairs 2025 May/Jun ํ˜ธ์˜ Works in Progress ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๋‹ค์Œํ™”๋Š” ์‰ฌ์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!

 

Foreign Affairs (2025 May/Jun) ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ,

6์›” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ฃผ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ ˆํ„ฐ๋Š” ์‰ฌ์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!

 

7์›” ์ฒซ์งธ์ฃผ,

Foreign Affairs (2025 Jul/Aug) ํ˜ธ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ๋Š” ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋” ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ์ €์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”!

๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ฌ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ ˆํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?

์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ ˆํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”

โœ‰๏ธ

์ด๋ฒˆ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ ˆํ„ฐ ์–ด๋– ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?

ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ ๋‹˜์—๊ฒŒ โ˜•๏ธ ์ปคํ”ผ์™€ โœ‰๏ธ ์ชฝ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”!

๋Œ“๊ธ€

์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”

ํ™•์ธ
์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ œ์ผ ๋จผ์ € ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š” !

๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ ˆํ„ฐ

ยฉ 2025 ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ

Foreign Affairs ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์น˜ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ›‘์–ด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฉ”์ผ๋ฆฌ ๋กœ๊ณ 

๋„์›€๋ง ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ œ๋ณด ๋‰ด์Šค๋ ˆํ„ฐ ๊ด‘๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์˜

์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ด์šฉ ๋ฌธ์˜admin@team.maily.so

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