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๋‰ด์Šค๋ ˆํ„ฐ

๐Ÿ’ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œํŒ โ€˜์žฌ๊ฑด์ถ•โ€™ ์ค‘! ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์‹ ๊ฐœํŽธ, ๊ณผ์—ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ• ๊นŒ?

Foreign Affairs (2025 Mar/Apr), The Broken Economic Order

2025.03.04 | ์กฐํšŒ 122 |
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ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ์˜ ํ”„๋กœํ•„ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€

ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ

Foreign Affairs ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์น˜ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ›‘์–ด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐ŸŒ ์›น์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
๋” ๊น”๋”ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ฝ์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”!

 

[ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ] 3์›” ์ฒซ์งธ์ฃผ ํ™”์š”์ผ ๋ฆฌํฌํŠธ

 

The Broken Economic Order : 

How to Rewire the International System in the Age of Trump

 

Chris Gash, Foreign Affairs (2025 Mar/Apr), The Broken Economic Order
Chris Gash, Foreign Affairs (2025 Mar/Apr), The Broken Economic Order

 

๐ŸŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?

 

๐ŸŒ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น๊ณผ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น, ์ง€์ง€์ธต์ด ๋’ค๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋‹ค?

์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •์น˜์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์ง€์ง€์ธต์˜ ์žฌํŽธ์ด์—์š”. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ์ €์†Œ๋“์ธต์ด ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น์„, ๊ณ ์†Œ๋“์ธต์ด ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋šœ๋ ทํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, 2024๋…„ ๋Œ€์„ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ํŒจํ„ด์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋’ค๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋…ธ๋™์ž ๊ณ„์ธต์ด ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณ ์†Œ๋“์ธต์ด ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋”์šฑ ๋‘๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์กŒ์ฃ .

์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋™ ์‹œ์žฅ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น์€ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋™์ž ๊ณ„์ธต์„ ๋Œ€๋ณ€ํ•ด์™”์ง€๋งŒ, ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ์ ์  ๋” ๊ณ ํ•™๋ ฅยท๊ณ ์†Œ๋“์ธต์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋‹น์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” 2016๋…„๊ณผ 2024๋…„ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์„ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋žต์„ ํŽผ์ณค์–ด์š”. ํŠนํžˆ ์ค‘์„œ๋ถ€์™€ ๋Ÿฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฒจํŠธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ๋…ธ๋™์ž์ธต์ด ๊ธฐ์กด ์ฒด์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ์‹ ์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋ฉด์„œ, ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ๊ณผ ์ œ์กฐ์—… ํšŒ๋ณต ๊ณต์•ฝ์— ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ๋ฆ„์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ํŠธ๋ Œ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.

 

๐Ÿ“œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ vs. ์‚ฐ์—…์ •์ฑ…: ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ํ•ด๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ?

ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ 1๊ธฐ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ์„ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ •์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด์„ธ์› ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ์‚ฐ ์ œํ’ˆ์— 25% ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ณ ์œจ ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ถ๋ฏธ์ž์œ ๋ฌด์—ญํ˜‘์ •(NAFTA)์„ ํ๊ธฐํ•œ ํ›„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญยท๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”ยท์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ํ˜‘์ •(USMCA)์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ–ˆ์ฃ . ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์กฐ์น˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ์ œ์กฐ์—…์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ•ด์™ธ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ๋ ค ๋†“๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋…ผ๋ž€์ด ๋งŽ์•„์š”. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์ž…ํ’ˆ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์ƒ์Šน์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ƒํ™œ๋น„ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ์ปค์กŒ๊ณ , ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ์˜ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์ „์Ÿ์ด ์žฅ๊ธฐํ™”๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค๋„ ํƒ€๊ฒฉ์„ ์ž…์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์คฌ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .

๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…์ •์ฑ…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. CHIPS Act(๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ์‚ฐ์—… ์ง€์›)์™€ IRA(์ฒญ์ •์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํˆฌ์ž) ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํŠน์ • ์‚ฐ์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€ ์ง€์›์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์  ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋ ค ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…๋„ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ฒจ๋‹จ์‚ฐ์—…์—๋งŒ ํ˜œํƒ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜๋ฉด์„œ, ๊ธฐ์กด ์ œ์กฐ์—…์ด๋‚˜ ๋…ธ๋™ ์ง‘์•ฝ์ ์ธ ์‚ฐ์—…์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช์—ˆ์ฃ .

2025๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ 2๊ธฐ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ํšŒ๊ท€ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ปค์š”. ํŠนํžˆ ์ค‘๊ตญ์‚ฐ ์ œํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด 60% ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๋ฉด์„œ, ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ธด์žฅ์ด ํ•œ์ธต ๋” ์‹ฌํ™”๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ์ด ๊ณผ์—ฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ด์ต์„ ์ค„์ง€, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ„์ถ•์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ์ง€๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋…ผ๋ž€์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด์—์š”.

 

๐ŸŒ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์งˆ์„œ ๋ณ€ํ™”: ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ค‘์‹ฌ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š”๊ฐ€?

๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋Š” ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์งˆ์„œ์—๋„ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ํŠนํžˆ BRICS(๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„, ์ธ๋„, ์ค‘๊ตญ, ๋‚จ์•„๊ณต ๋ฐ ์‹ ๊ทœ ๊ฐ€์ž…๊ตญ) ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ ํฅ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ธ”๋ก์ด ๋ถ€์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์ฒด์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ์•ฝํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. BRICS ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์„œ๊ตฌ ์ค‘์‹ฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์งˆ์„œ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ๋…์ž์ ์ธ ๊ธˆ์œต ๋ฐ ๋ฌด์—ญ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .

์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—ฐํ•ฉ(EU)๋„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ ๋‘”ํ™”์™€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์ •์น˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐ€๋ ค๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ด์—์š”. ๋…์ผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ์œ„์ถ•๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์—์„œ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, BRICS ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ง€๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌ ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.

2025๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ 2๊ธฐ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ๊ฒฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์ ์  ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์—์„œ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์ ธ์š”. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ์ฃผ๋„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ž์œ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์งˆ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ , ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ . ๊ฐ๊ตญ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์˜์ฃผ์‹œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์ž๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜‘๋ ฅ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์‹œ์ ์— ์™€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿ‘จโ€๐Ÿซ ์ €์ž๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?

 

๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์ถ”์นดํ†  (Mariana Mazzucato)

๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์ถ”์นดํ† ๋Š” ํ˜์‹  ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ณต ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ์„ํ•™์ด์ž ์ •์ฑ… ๊ณ ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”. ํ˜„์žฌ ์œ ๋‹ˆ๋ฒ„์‹œํ‹ฐ ์นผ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜(UCL)์—์„œ ํ˜์‹  ๋ฐ ๊ณต๊ณต ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™(Economics of Innovation and Public Value) ๊ต์ˆ˜๋กœ ์žฌ์ง ์ค‘์ด๋ฉฐ, UCL ํ˜์‹  ๋ฐ ๊ณต๊ณต๋ชฉ์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ(IIPP)์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝ ์ด์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งก๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ . "๊ธฐ์—…๊ฐ€ํ˜• ๊ตญ๊ฐ€", "๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ", "๋ฏธ์…˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ", "๋น… ์ปจ" ๋“ฑ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ €์„œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ˜์‹ ์„ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ํŽผ์ณค์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” G20, WHO, ๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ž๋ฌธ์œ„์›ํšŒ ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ์ •์ฑ… ์ž๋ฌธ์„ ๋งก์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํฌ์šฉ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๋žต์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. โ€˜๊ฐ€์น˜ ์ฐฝ์กฐโ€™์™€ โ€˜๊ฐ€์น˜ ์ฐฉ์ทจโ€™ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜„๋Œ€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ณต๊ณต๊ณผ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์ด ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์„ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ๊ตญ ์ •์ฑ…์— ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.

 

โœ… ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 3์ค„ ์š”์•ฝ์€?

 

1๏ธโƒฃ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋™๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ์žฌ์„ ์„ ์ด๋Œ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ ํ•ด์†Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ฃผ์˜์™€ ๊ณต๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฌธ ์ถ•์†Œ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ ธ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๋‹ค.

2๏ธโƒฃ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…์ •์ฑ…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ํˆฌ์ž์™€ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ์ฐฝ์ถœ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ๋…ธ๋™๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น ์ง€์ง€์ธต์˜ ์ดํƒˆ์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

3๏ธโƒฃ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํ›„ํ‡ด์™€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ์†์—์„œ BRICS ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์งˆ์„œ๋ฅผ ์žฌํŽธํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿคท ๋ญ˜ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฑด๋ฐ?

 

์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ €์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ง์€ ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ "ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์งˆ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋’คํ”๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋” ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค"๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฌด์—ญ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์•ˆ์ •์„ ํ•ด์น  ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ . ์ €์ž๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ๋‘” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿ’ธ "๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์šฐ์„ ์ฃผ์˜!"โ€ฆ๊ทผ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋„ ์†ํ•ด ๋ณผ๊ฑธ?

ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ 2๊ธฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด, "๋ฏธ๊ตญ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด!"๋ผ๋Š” ํฐ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€๋งŒ, ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ณ ์œจ ๊ด€์„ธ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”. ์ค‘๊ตญ์‚ฐ ์ œํ’ˆ์— 60% ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋งค๊ธฐ๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆ˜์ž…ํ’ˆ์— 10~20%์˜ ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์€ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋น„์‹ผ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉํ‘œ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ธฐ์—…์—๋„ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๊ฐ’์‹ผ ํ•ด์™ธ ์›์ž์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ๋‹จ๋˜๋ฉด ์ œ์กฐ์—…์ฒด๋“ค์€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋น„ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ์ปค์ง€๊ณ , ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œํ’ˆ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์ฃ . ์ด๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด "์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ์ฐฝ์ถœ!"์„ ์™ธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋ณ„๊ฐœ๋กœ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์ด ๋” ํŒํŒํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐ŸŒ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ๋น ์ง€๋ฉด, ๋นˆ์ž๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ฑ„์šธ๊นŒ?

ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์†์„ ๋–ผ๋ฉด, ๊ณผ์—ฐ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ์ฃผ๋„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋‹ค์žํ˜‘๋ ฅ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ(WTO, UN ๋“ฑ)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งŽ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ, ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํƒˆํ‡ด๋กœ ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ•๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์งˆ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํŠนํžˆ BRICS(๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„, ์ธ๋„, ์ค‘๊ตญ, ๋‚จ์•„๊ณต) ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ ํฅ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ธ”๋ก์ด ํž˜์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์งˆ์„œ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ . ์œ ๋Ÿฝ๋„ ์ž์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ฌด์—ญ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์šฐ์„ ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์—ญ์„ค์ ์œผ๋กœ "๋ฏธ๊ตญ์„ ๋” ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ"๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .

 

๐Ÿš€ "๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ด๋ ค์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค!"โ€ฆ๊ทผ๋ฐ ํˆฌ์ž ์—†์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ• ๊นŒ?

ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€ ์ง€์ถœ์„ ๋Œ€ํญ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  "์ž‘์€ ์ •๋ถ€"๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ณตํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ค„์–ด๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ถ”์ง„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ฒญ์ •์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฐ์—… ํˆฌ์ž, ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ์‚ฐ์—… ์œก์„ฑ ์ •์ฑ…(CHIPS๋ฒ•) ๋“ฑ์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ‰๊ฐ€๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”, ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํญ ์ถ•์†Œํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์š”.

๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ • ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์—…์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณต๊ณตํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋ ค ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ๋…์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์—…์ด ์•Œ์•„์„œ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‘๋ฉด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ ? ํ˜„์‹ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.

 

๐Ÿ”„ ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ธฐํšŒ์—, ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค!

์ €์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋Š” ์ด๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ง€๊ธˆ์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๋” ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ"๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ด๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์งˆ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํŠนํžˆ ๊ณต๊ณตํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ์œก์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฌด์—ญ๊ณผ ๊ธˆ์œต ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐœํ˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ €์ž์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .

 

๐Ÿ“– ์ฝ์€ ํ‹ฐ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ณด์ž!

์•„์˜ˆ ์•ˆ ์ฝ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์• ๋งคํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”? ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐœ์ทŒํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”! ๐Ÿ˜†

 

๐Ÿ’ฅ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ํ•ด๋ฒ•, ์ง„์งœ ๋‹ต์ด ๋ ๊นŒ?

"Although his promises of economic relief tapped into a real problem, Trump is offering the wrong solutions. The policies he supports will not meaningfully change the unpopular economic model that produced the wave of anger he rode to victory. Instead, his proposed tariffs are likely to increase the cost of living and deliver few benefits for the American working class. If his administration goes through with its plans to dramatically reduce the size of the public sector, the U.S. government will lose much of its ability to deliver on big projects for years to come. And his mercantilist policies could both incite economic instability abroad and shrink the United Statesโ€™ capacity for economic leadership."


 

ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•ฝ์†ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ํ•ด๋ฒ•์€ ํ‹€๋ ธ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ๋ถ„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ์‹ฌํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๊ด€์„ธ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์ƒํ™œ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋…ธ๋™๊ณ„์ธต์— ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ •๋ถ€ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์˜ ๋Œ€ํญ ์ถ•์†Œ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์‹คํ–‰๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๊ทธ์˜ ์ค‘์ƒ์ฃผ์˜์  ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์„ ์•ฝํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿ’ฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ดค์„๊นŒ?

"The issue is not poor economic performance. Average GDP growth under Biden was approximately the same as it was during Trumpโ€™s first term, and the United Statesโ€™ pandemic recovery was the strongest in the G-7. The U.S. economy added almost 15 million jobs between January 2021 and January 2024; in the first three years of Trumpโ€™s administration, by contrast, fewer than seven million jobs were added. But critically, economic growth has not translated to improved circumstances for many Americans. According to the latest census data, 36.8 million peopleโ€”11 percent of the U.S. populationโ€”lived in poverty in 2023. As of June 2023, 43.6 million Americans held an average student loan debt of approximately $38,000 per borrower."

 

๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  GDP ์„ฑ์žฅ๋ฅ ์€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ 1๊ธฐ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ํšŒ๋ณต ์†๋„๋Š” G7 ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” 2021๋…„ 1์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2024๋…„ 1์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ์•ฝ 1,500๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ 1๊ธฐ ์ฒซ 3๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ 700๋งŒ ๊ฐœ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ๊ณง๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒํ™œ ๊ฐœ์„ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ตœ์‹  ์ธ๊ตฌ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด 2023๋…„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ „์ฒด ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 11%์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” 3,680๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋นˆ๊ณค ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋†“์—ฌ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ 2023๋…„ 6์›” ๊ธฐ์ค€, 4,360๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด ํ‰๊ท  3๋งŒ 8์ฒœ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ํ•™์ž๊ธˆ ๋Œ€์ถœ์„ ๋– ์•ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐ŸŒ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ์‹œ๋Œ€, ๊ตญ์ œ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์€ ํ›„ํ‡ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?

"If Trump also pulls away from engagement with international institutions, the United States will leave a hole in global governance. During his first administration, Trump cut U.S. funding to the UN, which in 2023 accounted for 22 percent of the UNโ€™s budget. He pulled out of the UN Human Rights Council and UNESCO, too, and threatened to quit the World Health Organization and the World Trade Organization. The Biden administration did not have a stellar record on multilateralism, either: it remained behind on U.S. payments to the UN and has continued Trumpโ€™s policy of blocking appointments to the WTO Appellate Body. And the United Statesโ€™ retreat has come amid a broader weakening of trust in international institutions to facilitate meaningful cooperation on key issues."

 

ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ๋”์šฑ ์ฒ ํšŒํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ„๋„Œ์Šค์˜ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์ฒซ ์ž„๊ธฐ ๋•Œ ์œ ์—”(UN) ๋ถ„๋‹ด๊ธˆ์„ ๋Œ€ํญ ์‚ญ๊ฐํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹œ ์œ ์—” ์ „์ฒด ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์˜ 22%์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์œ ์—” ์ธ๊ถŒ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ(UNHRC)์™€ ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ”(UNESCO)์—์„œ ํƒˆํ‡ดํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ณด๊ฑด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ(WHO)์™€ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฌด์—ญ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ(WTO)์—์„œ๋„ ํƒˆํ‡ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€ ์—ญ์‹œ ๋‹ค์ž์ฃผ์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์—์„œ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์ง„ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์œ ์—” ๋ถ„๋‹ด๊ธˆ ๋‚ฉ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ง€์—ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, WTO ํ•ญ์†Œ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ํŒ์‚ฌ ์ž„๋ช…์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด์™”๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ›„ํ‡ด๋Š”, ์ฃผ์š” ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ • ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ์•ฝํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

 

โš–๏ธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์งˆ์„œ, ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?

"But as the United Statesโ€™ and the EUโ€™s international presence ebbs, the BRICS blocโ€”the grouping whose earliest members were Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa and now include Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran, and the United Arab Emiratesโ€”is likely to gain influence. BRICS has already expanded in size and scope over the last two decades, now representing more than a third of the global economy and half the worldโ€™s population, and it aims to serve as a counterweight to the West in global institutions."

 

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—ฐํ•ฉ(EU)์˜ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ์ด ์•ฝํ™”๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, BRICS ๋ธ”๋กโ€”์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํšŒ์›๊ตญ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„, ์ธ๋„, ์ค‘๊ตญ, ๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ์— ๋”ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ, ์—ํ‹ฐ์˜คํ”ผ์•„, ์ธ๋„๋„ค์‹œ์•„, ์ด๋ž€, ์•„๋ž์—๋ฏธ๋ฆฌํŠธ๊นŒ์ง€ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃนโ€”์ด ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๋‹ค. BRICS๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์™€ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•ด์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ 3๋ถ„์˜ 1 ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ , ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ธ”๋ก์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์„œ๋ฐฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฌ์ œ ์„ธ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌ ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿคจ ์ด๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฏฟ์–ด๋„ ๋ ๊นŒ?

๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐ•์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ์—์„œ ์กฐ๋งํ•ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?

 

๐Ÿ”ฅ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ •์ฑ…, ์ •๋ง ์‹คํŒจํ•œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ?

๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋” ์•…ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋น„ํŒํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ 1๊ธฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์–ด์š”. 2017๋…„๊ณผ 2018๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ๋ฅ ์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 2.5%, 3.0%๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋“ฑํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ฐ์„ธ ์ •์ฑ…(TCJA) ๋•๋ถ„์— ๋ฒ•์ธ์„ธ ์ธํ•˜์™€ ํˆฌ์ž ์œ ์ธ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ์ฐฝ์ถœ๊ณผ ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ ์„ฑ์žฅ๋„ ๋™๋ฐ˜๋์ฃ . ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ฐ์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ์ •์ ์ž๋ฅผ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•  ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—์š”. ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฌธ ์ถ•์†Œ๋งŒ ๋‚ด์„ธ์›Œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ง์นœ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ธด ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์š”.

 

๐ŸŒ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๋น ์ง„ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?

๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์งˆ์„œ์—์„œ ํ›„ํ‡ดํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค(BRICS) ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ ํฅ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ธ”๋ก์ด ๊ทธ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์„ ๋ฉ”์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ ์ด ๋งŽ์•„์š”. ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ์••๋„์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์— ์ข…์†๋œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ˆ์š”. ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค GDP์˜ 70%๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๊ตญ ๋ชซ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋ฌด์—ญ๋„ ์ค‘๊ตญ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ณ„ ์ด์ต์ด ๋” ์šฐ์„ ์‹œ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .

๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค ํšŒ์›๊ตญ๋“ค์€ ์ •์น˜ยท๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ณ , ํŠนํžˆ ์ธ๋„์™€ ์ค‘๊ตญ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์€ ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์„ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ฌด์—ญ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”, ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ •์ฑ…, ์ œ๋„์  ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜์ธ๋ฐ, ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ์„  ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿ’ฐ ๊ณต๊ณต ํˆฌ์ž, ๋งŒ๋Šฅ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ผ๊นŒ?

๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ณต๊ณต ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•„์ˆ˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ณต๊ณต ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ฒˆ์˜์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”. ์ง€๋‚˜์นœ ์ •๋ถ€ ๊ฐœ์ž…์€ ์‹œ์žฅ ์™œ๊ณก์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํˆฌ์ž ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์งˆ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•œ ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฐ์ถ•๋ฒ•(IRA)๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ์‚ฐ์—… ์ง€์›๋ฒ•(CHIPS Act)๋„ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํŠน์ • ์‚ฐ์—…์—๋งŒ ํ˜œํƒ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ „์ฒด ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ฐ์„ธ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์—… ํˆฌ์ž ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์™€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ๊ณต๊ณต ํˆฌ์ž๋งŒ์ด ์ •๋‹ต์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„๊ณผ์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ์š”?

 

๐Ÿค” ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•ด๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด?

๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋…ผ์ง€๋Š” ๊ณผ์žฅ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”๋œ ๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์–ฝํ˜€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŒํผ, ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์—ด์–ด๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”!

 

๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค

 

1๏ธโƒฃ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์˜ ๊ณต๊ณต ํˆฌ์ž ์ •์ฑ…, ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ์‹ค์งˆ์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์คฌ์„๊นŒ?

๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ณต๊ณต ํˆฌ์ž๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋น„ํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋‚ผ ๋งŒํผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?

2๏ธโƒฃ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ ์•ฝํ™”, ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋นˆ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?

๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฌด์—ญ๊ณผ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ์ฃผ์˜๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์„œ๋ฉด์„œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์—์„œ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?

3๏ธโƒฃ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ, ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธฐํ›„ ์ •์ฑ…์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น ๊นŒ?

๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋Œ€์‘์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์„ ๋นผ๊ณ  ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์‚ฐ์—… ์ง€์›์„ ์ถ•์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ธฐํ›„ ์ •์ฑ… ํ›„ํ‡ด๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ๊นŒ์š”?

4๏ธโƒฃ ๊ณต๊ณต ๋ถ€๋ฌธ ์ถ•์†Œ, ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ธธ์ผ๊นŒ, ์‚ฌํšŒ ์•ˆ์ „๋ง ์•ฝํ™”์ผ๊นŒ?

ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ณต๊ณต ๋ถ€๋ฌธ ์ถ•์†Œ์™€ ๊ทœ์ œ ์™„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์•ˆ์ „๋ง ์•ฝํ™”์™€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ ์‹ฌํ™”๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?

5๏ธโƒฃ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ• ๊นŒ?

ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์„ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ๋ถ€์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ ์ง„์  ๊ฐœํ˜์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๊ฐœํŽธ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‹œ์ ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?

 

๐Ÿ˜Š ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฝ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค!

 

  • The Economic Impact of Donald Trumpโ€™s Presidency (Investopedia, Feb 28, 2025)
    • ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์ทจ์ž„ ์งํ›„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋Œ€๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœํŽธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ตญ์‚ฐ ์ œํ’ˆ์— 10% ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๊ณ , ์บ๋‚˜๋‹คยท๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์‚ฐ ์ œํ’ˆ์—๋„ 25% ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๊ณ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์†Œ๋น„์ž ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šน๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ๋‹น ์—ฐํ‰๊ท  1,200๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ•์ธ์„ธ ๊ฐ์„ธ ์ •์ฑ…๋„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2017๋…„ ๊ฐ์„ธ์•ˆ์„ ์—ฐ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ œ์กฐ์—… ๋ฒ•์ธ์„ธ๋ฅผ 15%๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์ธ๋ฐ์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ฑ„ ๋น„์œจ์ด 2035๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ GDP ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 149%๊นŒ์ง€ ์ƒ์Šนํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ์ด๋ฏผ์ž ์ถ”๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ํ•ฉ๋ฒ• ์ด๋ฏผ ์ถ•์†Œ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ ๋ถ€์กฑ์ด ์šฐ๋ ค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋†์—…, ๊ฑด์„ค์—… ๋“ฑ ์ธ๋ ฅ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ํด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๋ฐ์š”. ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ GDP ์„ฑ์žฅ๋ฅ ์ด ์˜ฌํ•ด 0.5% ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๊ณ , 2028๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‚ฐ ์ œํ’ˆ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด 9.1% ์ƒ์Šนํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ „๋ง๋„ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, โ€˜์ •๋ถ€ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ ๋ถ€์„œ(DOGE)โ€™์˜ ํ–‰๋ณด๋„ ๋…ผ๋ž€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์กฐ์ •์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ •๋ถ€ ์ง€๊ธ‰ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์›€์ง์ž„๋„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๋ฐ์š”. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต ์‹œ์žฅ์—๋„ ํŒŒ์žฅ์ด ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ฐ•๊ฒฝํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋„์•ฝ์‹œํ‚ฌ๊นŒ์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
  • Trumpโ€™s Self-Fulfilling Crisis (Project Syndicate, Feb 28, 2025)
    • ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ž„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2025๋…„ 1์›” ๊ธฐ์ค€ โ€˜๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ณ ํ†ต ์ง€์ˆ˜(Misery Index)โ€™๋Š” 7.0%๋กœ, ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ์งํ›„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์น˜์˜€๋˜ 12.7%์—์„œ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฝํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ „ํ›„ ํ‰๊ท (9.2%)๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ทจ์ž„ ํ›„ ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ๋งŒ์— 73๊ฐœ์˜ ํ–‰์ •๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋ฐœ๋™ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ธ‰์ง„์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‹จํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”. ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์˜ˆ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ˜„์‹ค๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • ํŠนํžˆ โ€˜์ƒํ˜ธ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ด€์„ธโ€™ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ๋…ผ๋ž€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌด์—ญ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ณต ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”. 2018~2019๋…„ ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ์˜ ๋ฌด์—ญ์ „์Ÿ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์กฐ์น˜๋Š” ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ •๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์Šค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ . ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šน์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฐ์ค€์€ ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ ์ธํ•˜์— ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, AI ๊ด€๋ จ ์ฃผ์‹ ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ์ด ๊ณผ์—ด๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ๋„ ์œ„ํ—˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”. ์ตœ๊ทผ ํ•œ ์ค‘๊ตญ ๊ธฐ์—…์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ AI ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค๊ณผ ๋™๋“ฑํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ ฅ์„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•๋ณดํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์†Œ์‹์— ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ”๋“ค๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋งž๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ, ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” โ€˜๊ฒฝ์ œ ์œ„๊ธฐโ€™๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹ฅ์น  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๐Ÿ’ญ ํŽธ์ง‘์ž์˜ ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””

 

์•ž์œผ๋กœ 4๋…„๊ฐ„ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ๊ฒฝ์ œ์‚ฌ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์„ ์‚ด๋ฆฐ ์œ„์ธ? ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ๋œจ๋ฆฐ ์ด๋‹จ์•„?
์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋“ , ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ํŒŒ๊ธ‰๋ ฅ์€
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๋˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋†“์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ 2๊ธฐ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ Foreign Affairs 2025 Mar/Apr ํ˜ธ์˜ The Broken Economic Order ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

๋‹ค์Œํ™” ์˜ˆ๊ณ 

๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ ํ›„์•ผ์˜ค๋ฐฉ, ์ค‘๊ตญ ๊ฐœํ˜์˜ ์—”๋”ฉ ํฌ๋ ˆ๋”ง์„ ์žฅ์‹ํ•  ๋ป”ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž

์ฒจ๋ถ€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€

๐Ÿ“– ๊ฐœํ˜์˜ ํฌ๋ง, ํ›„์•ผ์˜ค๋ฐฉ! ๊ทธ์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์ด ์ฒœ์•ˆ๋ฌธ ํ•ญ์Ÿ์˜ ๋ถˆ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋‹ค ๐Ÿ”ฅ

์ •์น˜ ๊ฐœํ˜์„ ์™ธ์นœ ์ง€๋„์ž์˜ ์‹ค๊ฐ, ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์ค‘๊ตญ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€? ๐Ÿšจ๐ŸŒ

 

3์›” ์ฒซ์งธ์ฃผ ๋ชฉ์š”์ผ ๋ฆฌํฌํŠธ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ๋Š” ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋” ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ์ €์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”!

๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ฌ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ ˆํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?

์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ ˆํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”

โœ‰๏ธ

์ด๋ฒˆ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ ˆํ„ฐ ์–ด๋– ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?

ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ ๋‹˜์—๊ฒŒ โ˜•๏ธ ์ปคํ”ผ์™€ โœ‰๏ธ ์ชฝ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”!

๋Œ“๊ธ€

์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”

ํ™•์ธ
์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ œ์ผ ๋จผ์ € ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š” !

๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ ˆํ„ฐ

ยฉ 2025 ํ›‘์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ

Foreign Affairs ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์น˜ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ›‘์–ด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฉ”์ผ๋ฆฌ ๋กœ๊ณ 

๋„์›€๋ง ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ œ๋ณด

์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ด์šฉ ๋ฌธ์˜admin@team.maily.so

๋ฉ”์ผ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž ์ •๋ณด

๋ฉ”์ผ๋ฆฌ (๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ž: ์ดํ•œ๊ฒฐ) | ์‚ฌ์—…์ž๋ฒˆํ˜ธ: 717-47-00705 | ์„œ์šธ ์„œ์ดˆ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ•๋‚จ๋Œ€๋กœ53๊ธธ 8, 8์ธต 11-7ํ˜ธ

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